Education
- 1954
- Grammar school leaving certificate ("Abitur") from the Humanistisches
Gymnasium, Würzburg
- 1954 - 1955
- Studies in classical philology at the University of Würzburg
- 1955 - 1960
- Studies in Economics at the University of Würzburg; temporary studies in London and Paris
- 1960
- University degree in Economics
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Professional career
- 1960 - 1966
- Research assistant at the Institute of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Würzburg
- 1961
- Doctorate in Economics at the Faculty of Law and Economics of the University of Würzburg on "Problems of business cycle policy, given fixed exchange rates and free convertibility, using the EEC as an example".
- 1965
- Habilitation at the Faculty of Law and Economics of the University of Würzburg; venia legendi for economic theory and economic policy. Thesis: "Key currencies and the international monetary system"
- 1967 - 1973
- Full professorship at the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Director of the Institute for International Economic Relations
- 1973 - 1990
- Full professorship at the University of Würzburg; Chair of Economics, Monetary Affairs and International Economic Relations
- 1988 - 1990
- Member of the Council of Experts for the Assessment of Overall Economic Trends at the German Federal Ministry of Economics
- 1990 - 1998
- Member of the Board of the Deutsche Bundesbank
- 1 June 1998 - 31 May 2006
- Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank
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Honorary degrees
- since 1991
- Honorary professorship at the University of Würzburg
- 1996
- Honorary doctorate awarded by the Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences of the University of Bayreuth
- 1998
- Honorary doctorate awarded by the Faculty of Economic Sciences and Statistics of the University of Constance
- 1999
- Honorary doctorate awarded by the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the University of Frankfurt
- 2003
- International Prize – Friedrich-August-Hayek Foundation
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Membership in academic and professional bodies
- Verein für Socialpolitik (Association for Economic and Social Sciences)
- American Economic Association
- List Gesellschaft (List Society)
- Arbeitskreis Europäische Integration (Working Party on European Integration)
- Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea (European Academy of Sciences and Arts)
- Full member of the Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur (Academy of Sciences and Literature) (corresponding member from 1989 to 1991)
- Walter Eucken Institute
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Publications
Numerous books and articles, including:
- "Einführung in die Geldtheorie" (Introduction to monetary theory), thirteenth edition, 2003
- "Monetary Policy in the Euro Area – Strategy and Decision-Making at the European Central Bank" (2001)
(with V. Gaspar, I. Angeloni, O. Tristani)
- "Einführung in die Geldpolitik" (Introduction to monetary policy), sixth edition, 1996
Co-founder (1972) and co-editor (1972 - 1990) of the scientific journal "WiSt"
(Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium, Zeitschrift für Ausbildung und Hochschulkontakt -
Economic Studies, Journal for Education and University Contacts)
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Other posts
1965 - 1966
Lecturer at the University of Würzburg
1965 - 1966
Temporary professorship at the University of Marburg
1966 - 1967
Temporary professorship at the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
1969 - 1970
Dean of the Nuremberg Faculty; temporary professorship from 1973 to 1975
1975 - 1977
Member of the Appointments Committee responsible for Law and Economics at the newly established University of Bayreut
1975 - 1979
Chairman of the Economic Policy Committee of the Verein für Socialpolitik (Association for Economic and Social Sciences)
1979 - 1980
Chairman of the Committee responsible for the academic preparations for the 1980 Annual Meeting of the Verein für Socialpolitik
since 1980
Economic Advisory Council at the German Federal Ministry of Economics (currently dormant); Deputy Chairman from 1987 to 1988
1981
Visiting scholar at The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States (February - March)
1983
Call to take the Chair of International Economics at the University of Constance
1983 - 1985
Member of the joint working group set up by the Council of the German Protestant Church and the German Episcopal Conference to draft a joint statement on "How can we behave responsibly toward Creation?"
1983 - 1987
Special adviser to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Association) in the field of economic policy
1984
Academic Director of the Second Colloquium of the Confederation of European Economic Associations on the subject of "disinflation"
1984 - 1988
Member of the Senate of the University of Würzburg
1985 - 1987
Dean of the Würzburg Faculty
1985
Visiting scholar at the International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C. (September - October)
1987 - 1990
Kronberger Kreis
since 1991
Walter Eucken Institute (1995-1999 Member of the Board)
1992 - 1996
Member of the CEPR Executive Committee
since 1992
Member of the CEPS International Advisory Council
1992 - 1998
Member of the Board of the Ludwig Börne Foundation
1993 - 1998
Member of the Inner Board of the Verein für Socialpolitik (Treasurer)
1993 - 1999
Member of the Supervisory Board of the Institute for Banking-related Historical Research
1993 - 1999
Member of the Foundation Board of the International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies, Geneva
1994 - 2003
Academic Advisory Council at the Institute for Global Economics of the University of Kiel
1997
Founding member of the Advisory Board of International Finance
1999 - 2004
International Board of the Center for European Integration Studies (ZEI)
